Thinking it's PIO, yet I buggered up: getting weird compile errors :(

maxg · June 13, 2025, 1:33pm

Not sure what exactly happened… it seems I have a knack to kill PIO every so often.
I am getting these errors when compiling:

Linking .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/firmware.elf
/home/maxg/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp-elf/14.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp-elf/bin/ld: .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/main.cpp.o:(.literal._Z5setupv+0x34): undefined reference to `_Z27determine_lap_bar_positionsv'
/home/maxg/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp-elf/14.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp-elf/bin/ld: .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/main.cpp.o: in function `_Z5setupv':
/home/maxg/Workspaces/PlatformIO/Projects/EGO_Automation/src/main.cpp:232:(.text._Z5setupv+0xb5): undefined reference to `_Z27determine_lap_bar_positionsv'
/home/maxg/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp-elf/14.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp-elf/bin/ld: .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/main.cpp.o: in function `_Z20process_sbus_messagePb':
/home/maxg/Workspaces/PlatformIO/Projects/EGO_Automation/src/main.cpp:382:(.text._Z20process_sbus_messagePb+0xc3): undefined reference to `_Z27determine_lap_bar_positionsv'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
*** [.pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/firmware.elf] Error 1

I have deleted the .pio/build directory, and pio run --target clean but this did not fix it.
I am not sure where it is picking up the undefined reference terms.
The main.cpp does not contain these garbled references.

Here the full output:

Processing esp32doit-devkit-v1 (platform: https://github.com/pioarduino/platform-espressif32.git; board: esp32doit-devkit-v1; framework: arduino)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Verbose mode can be enabled via `-v, --verbose` option
CONFIGURATION: https://docs.platformio.org/page/boards/espressif32/esp32doit-devkit-v1.html
PLATFORM: Espressif 32 (54.3.20+sha.7650157) > DOIT ESP32 DEVKIT V1
HARDWARE: ESP32 240MHz, 320KB RAM, 4MB Flash
DEBUG: Current (cmsis-dap) External (cmsis-dap, esp-bridge, esp-prog, iot-bus-jtag, jlink, minimodule, olimex-arm-usb-ocd, olimex-arm-usb-ocd-h, olimex-arm-usb-tiny-h, olimex-jtag-tiny, tumpa)
PACKAGES: 
 - framework-arduinoespressif32 @ 3.2.0 
 - framework-arduinoespressif32-libs @ 5.4.0+sha.2f7dcd862a 
 - tool-esptoolpy @ 4.8.9 
 - tool-mklittlefs @ 3.2.0 
 - tool-riscv32-esp-elf-gdb @ 14.2.0+20240403 
 - tool-xtensa-esp-elf-gdb @ 14.2.0+20240403 
 - toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf @ 14.2.0+20241119
LDF: Library Dependency Finder -> https://bit.ly/configure-pio-ldf
LDF Modes: Finder ~ chain, Compatibility ~ soft
Found 41 compatible libraries
Scanning dependencies...
No dependencies
Building in release mode
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/config.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/main.cpp.o
Building .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/bootloader.bin
Generating partitions .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/partitions.bin
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/ColorFormat.c.o
esptool.py v4.8.9
Creating esp32 image...
Merged 2 ELF sections
Successfully created esp32 image.
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/Esp.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/FirmwareMSC.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/FunctionalInterrupt.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/HEXBuilder.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/HWCDC.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/HardwareSerial.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/IPAddress.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/MD5Builder.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/MacAddress.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/Print.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/SHA1Builder.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/Stream.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/StreamString.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/Tone.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/USB.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/USBCDC.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/USBMSC.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/WMath.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/WString.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/base64.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/cbuf.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/chip-debug-report.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-adc.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-bt.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-cpu.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-dac.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-gpio.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-i2c-ng.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-i2c-slave.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-i2c.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-ledc.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-matrix.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-misc.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-periman.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-psram.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-rgb-led.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-rmt.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-sigmadelta.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-spi.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-time.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-timer.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-tinyusb.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-touch-ng.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-touch.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/esp32-hal-uart.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/firmware_msc_fat.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/freertos_stats.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/libb64/cdecode.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/libb64/cencode.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/main.cpp.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/stdlib_noniso.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/wiring_pulse.c.o
Compiling .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/FrameworkArduino/wiring_shift.c.o
Archiving .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/libFrameworkArduino.a
Indexing .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/libFrameworkArduino.a
Linking .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/firmware.elf
/home/maxg/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp-elf/14.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp-elf/bin/ld: .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/main.cpp.o:(.literal._Z5setupv+0x34): undefined reference to `_Z27determine_lap_bar_positionsv'
/home/maxg/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp-elf/14.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp-elf/bin/ld: .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/main.cpp.o: in function `_Z5setupv':
/home/maxg/Workspaces/PlatformIO/Projects/EGO_Automation/src/main.cpp:232:(.text._Z5setupv+0xb5): undefined reference to `_Z27determine_lap_bar_positionsv'
/home/maxg/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp-elf/14.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp-elf/bin/ld: .pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/src/main.cpp.o: in function `_Z20process_sbus_messagePb':
/home/maxg/Workspaces/PlatformIO/Projects/EGO_Automation/src/main.cpp:382:(.text._Z20process_sbus_messagePb+0xc3): undefined reference to `_Z27determine_lap_bar_positionsv'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
*** [.pio/build/esp32doit-devkit-v1/firmware.elf] Error 1
====================================================================================================== [FAILED] Took 7.66 seconds ======================================================================================================

 *  The terminal process "platformio 'run'" terminated with exit code: 1. 
 *  Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it.

maxgerhardt · June 13, 2025, 1:55pm

So where is the function

determine_lap_bar_positions()

(unmangled symbol name) defined? Is it defined in a .c or .cpp file? Is it excluded from the build via build_src_filter? Does it have the same prototype? What header files declares this function?

maxg · June 13, 2025, 10:22pm

Oh my Lord…

You are spot on…

I have an excuse, which is nevertheless not good enough. I have been flat chat working on a program for days, all hours, and renamed a function during the process… which I later brought back from a previous revision, but I did not rename. So after a while, I hit the compile button, and encountered this error. Because it was garbled (Z5setupv+0x34 and the like) it never occurred to me that I am the culprit.

So the minute you said "where is the function determine_lap_bar_positions(), I realised that “lever” is now “lap_bar”. Changing its name, it now compiles error-free. Thank you! (And I apologise for wasting your time.)