How to get a serial monitor input box like the Arduino editor on Platform IO VsCode

Even if you cannot see an explicit input area, you can still make inputs. Simply type in the text you want to send.

If you like a more GUI styled monitor, you can use VS Code plugins like Serial Monitor.

In addition to the accepted response, look into Teleplot, as well. It allows easy plotting of values, but also has a standard SM. You can even do both at the same time.