The function that implements setting up the clock is always marked as weak
in the variant, so that user / firmware code can overwrite it.
So in the src/main.cpp
one can do
extern "C" void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
// clock init code here...
}
With the function’s content either being auto-generated by STM32CubeMX or copied and adapted from an existing variant.
This was also previously discussed in e.g. STM32F407VET6 external oscillator configuration